In his book Photography and Spirit, John Harvey’s first
words are, “There are spirits – and they can be photographed.” (Harvey, 2007) This
is a common thought for many people who believe in ghosts and it is now thought
that the “coming together of photography and spirit [allies] modern technology
to ancient believe and apparatus to apparitions,” (Harvey, 2007)
In the early 1800s, experiments to combine the separation of
light and dark and a set of light sensing chemicals to produce photographs
started. Despite the difficuly of the task, in 1839 scientist created the first
photographical method known as daguerrotype imaging.
This is where is all started and the development of photography is still going
on today. (History, 2001) But when did it become a medium for the paranormal?
The first “unexplainable” ghost photograph is said to have
been taken by W. Campbell of Jersey City, New Jersey in 1860. (Prairie Ghosts,
2008) The story behind Campbell’s photography is that he took a picture of an
empty chair, but once the photograph was developed it revealed an image of a
small boy sitting in the chair. Unfortunately for Campbell he could not
recreate the photograph and therefore was not well remembered by historians of
art. (Paranormal-encyclopedia, 2012)
The most well-known ghost photograph was taken by the Boston
photographer, William H. Mumler(Figure 1). (Radford, 2011) He began producing “spirit
photographs” in 1861 and continued to produce until being revealed as a “hoaxer”.
The ghosts he claimed to have captured were merely double exposures of previous
clients. (Radford, 2011)
“Despite ever-increasing technology, real photographic proof
of ghosts remains as elusive as ever.” (Radford, 2011)
The following picture was taken by William Mumler.
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| © 2000 The American Photography Museum, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Used by Permission. Figure 1 |
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You can find more of Mumler's photographs on The American Museum of Photography's website.
References
Harvey, J. (2007). Photography and spirit. London, England: Reaktion Books Ltd.
Fi.edu. The History of Photography. (2001). Retrieved from http://fi.edu/pieces/watson/hist.htm
Mumler, William. Master herrod in a trance. his spiritual body withdrawn and appears behind. (2011). Retrieved from http://www.photographymuseum.com/mumler.html
Paranormal-encyclopedia. A Brief History of Paranormal Photography. (2009). Retrieved from http://www.paranormal-encyclopedia.com/p/photography/history.html
Radford, B. (2011). When Did the First 'Ghost Photos' Appear?. Retrieved from http://www.livescience.com/11699-ghost-photos.html
Taylor, T. Spirit photography. (2001). Retrieved from http://www.prairieghosts.com/ph_history.html